In order to prevent the occurrence of safety accidents in the concrete-filled steel tube bundle composite structure project, the relevant literature, safety hazard rectification notice, construction method, safety technical regulations and construction site investigation were sorted out. From the five stages of component production, approach and transportation, storage, component hoisting and concrete pouring, 23 main construction safety risk factors of the structural system were identified. Data were collected and analyzed by questionnaire, and confirmatory factor analysis ( CFA ) was performed by structural equation modeling ( SEM ). Finally, 20 key risk factors were selected and their weights were confirmed.