In recent years, with the further expansion of infrastructure construction, the construction scale of high-grade highways such as highways has also been increasing. In the practical process of construction implementation, various problems have caused a series of pain points and difficulties in cost control. At the same time, it has also caused great controversy during the completion settlement, increasing the difficulty of negotiations and delaying the progress of settlement after project completion. Due to the lack of project characteristic descriptions in the bill of quantities for highway engineering, and the need to combine them with the construction specifications in Chapter 7 "Technical Specifications" of the "Standard Construction Bidding Document for Highway Engineering" (2018 Edition) issued by the Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China, disputes may arise when measuring individual bill items. The author of this article analyzes and demonstrates the prominent and frequently occurring dispute points through an actual engineering settlement dispute case of a highway in Shandong. Based on the actual situation, the author provides ideas or solutions, hoping to provide reference solutions in cost control and settlement disputes of highway engineering.