验收导向下地下车库车位尺寸管控与设计施工协同优化研究
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上海市浦东新区建设和交通委员会政务服务中心

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Research on Acceptance-Oriented Dimension Control of Parking Spaces and Collaborative Optimization of Design and Construction in Underground Garages
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    摘要:

    随着住宅项目地下空间开发强度提高,地下车库已不再只是满足配建指标和压缩单车位面积的工程单元,而是同时关联规范符合、施工精度、专项验收、交付解释和后续运维的综合性空间。车位能否被认定为有效,取决于标准车型、车位净尺寸、墙柱及构筑物净距、车道与回车条件、门扇开启、设备检修、消防疏散和人防设施等多项因素的共同校核。本文以竣工验收和实际使用为评价尺度,结合 DG/TJ 08-7-2021 及地下车库优化、BIM 深化、施工误差控制等相关研究,对车位尺寸控制中的典型风险进行梳理。研究认为,地下车库优化应把配建数量核算、疑问车位筛查、柱网与车道协同、模型复核、现场实测和验收资料归档串联起来,形成由设计端延伸至交付端的闭环管理。通过在方案和施工图阶段预留合理容差,在施工过程中持续校核完成面尺寸,并在验收前建立“一车位一记录”的复核清单,可有效降低车位折减、返工整改和交付争议风险,实现成本控制、规范合规与公共信任之间的平衡。

    Abstract:

    As the intensity of underground-space development in residential projects continues to increase, underground garages should not be regarded merely as facilities for meeting parking quotas or reducing the average area per stall. They are integrated spaces involving regulatory compliance, construction accuracy, acceptance procedures, delivery communication, and subsequent operation and maintenance. Whether a parking stall can be accepted as effective depends on the coordinated verification of the design vehicle, net stall dimensions, clearances from walls, columns and other structures, aisle and turning conditions, door opening areas, maintenance space for equipment, fire-evacuation requirements, and civil air-defence facilities. Taking completion acceptance and practical usability as the main evaluation criteria, this paper reviews typical risks in parking-stall dimensional control with reference to DG/TJ 08-7-2021 and studies on underground-garage optimization, BIM-based coordination, and construction deviation management. The study argues that underground-garage optimization should connect quota calculation, screening of risk-prone stalls, coordination among column grids, parking stalls and aisles, model-based checking, on-site measurement, and acceptance documentation. A closed-loop mechanism extending from design development to project delivery can reduce stall deduction, rework, and disputes. By reserving reasonable tolerances during schematic and construction drawing stages, continuously checking finished dimensions during construction, and establishing a one-stall one-record checklist before acceptance, projects can better balance cost efficiency, code compliance, and public trust.

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  • 收稿日期:2026-08-19
  • 最后修改日期:2026-08-19
  • 录用日期:2026-09-30
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