Abstract: Traditional supervision models used in expressway construction in the Longdong Loess Plateau region have shortcomings in areas such as quality control, resource allocation, and on-site management. Based on engineering practices from a typical expressway project in the Longdong Loess Plateau, this paper analyzes the primary challenges in supervising loess subsidence treatment, steep slope stabilization, and loess tunnel construction. It proposes a quality control technology system for supervision that integrates real-time monitoring and data analysis, establishes a supervisory organizational structure of “Chief Supervisor’s Office + Mobile Inspection Team,” and adopts a “multi-skilled specialist” supervision model. which establishes a resource optimization plan under low-investment conditions through the dynamic allocation of human resources and the sharing of equipment and materials. Research indicates that integrating digital tools—such as non-destructive testing, the BeiDou monitoring system, and drone inspections—with risk management principles into supervision workflows can effectively address challenges in loess regions, including “difficulties in obtaining geological information, challenges in achieving comprehensive on-site control, and the complexity of allocating limited resources.” Engineering applications demonstrate that this system can reduce the response time for concealed work acceptance from an average of 12 hours to within 3 hours, increase on-site inspection efficiency by 40%, and effectively lower the costs associated with allocating human and equipment resources. The research findings hold practical value for improving the efficiency of expressway supervision in loess regions, ensuring engineering quality, and reducing safety risks.